The background and research significance of Jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric Jagua elastic cloth is a functional textile material widely used in sportswear, home decoration and industria...
The background and research significance of Jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric
Jagua elastic cloth is a functional textile material widely used in sportswear, home decoration and industrial protection. In recent years, it has attracted much attention for its excellent elasticity, comfort and design flexibility. However, in practical applications, such fabrics often face the problem of insufficient wear resistance, especially the service life of which is limited in high friction environments. To solve this problem, the researchers turned their attention to TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) film composite technology. By combining the TPU film with the jacquard elastic cloth, it can not only significantly improve the overall wear resistance of the fabric, but also maintain its original softness and elastic characteristics.
This study aims to deeply explore how to improve the wear resistance of jacquard elastic cloth by optimizing the TPU composite process, and analyze the impact of different parameters on the performance of the final product. Specifically, we will conduct systematic research in terms of raw material selection, composite process control, and post-treatment technology. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, it was found that although TPU composite technology has been widely used in various textiles, relatively few research has been conducted on special structural fabrics such as jacquard elastic cloth. For example, Smith (2019) of the famous foreign scholar pointed out in his article published in “Textile Research Journal” that the matching relationship between the thickness of the TPU film and the surface roughness of the substrate is one of the key factors that determine the composite effect. In addition, Johnson et al. (2021) research shows that the use of plasma pretreatment technology can effectively improve the adhesion between the TPU and the fabric, thereby further improving wear resistance.
This article will propose a systematic solution based on these existing research results, combined with experimental data and theoretical analysis, in order to provide technical reference and support for related industries. The following is a detailed introduction to the research content and methods.
Basic parameters and characteristics of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric
Jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric is a highly complex multifunctional textile material. Its basic parameters and characteristics determine its performance in different application scenarios. The following is a detailed introduction from three aspects: material composition, physical properties and chemical properties.
1. Material composition
Jacquard elastic cloth is usually made of nylon or polyester fibers and spandex to form elastic fabrics with three-dimensional pattern structure. The TPU film is used as a functional coating material to cover the fabric surface, giving it an additional protective layer. Table 1 lists the main raw material ratio ranges for common jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabrics:
| Ingredients | Content Range (wt%) |
|---|---|
| Nylon/Polyester fiber | 70-85 |
| Spandex fiber | 15-30 |
| TPU film | 5-10 |
The selection of TPU films is crucial. According to the international standard ISO 14850, TPUs can be divided into different types of hard segment content: low hardness (Shao A60), medium hardness (Shao A85) and high hardness (Shao D60) ). Studies have shown that medium hardness TPUs exhibit an excellent balance point between wear resistance and flexibility (Brown, 2020).
2. Physical properties
The physical properties of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric mainly include indicators such as tensile strength, tear strength, wear resistance index and breathability. The following is a comparison of key parameters for typical products (see Table 2):
| Performance Metrics | Unit | Ordinary Jacquard Stylish Cloth | Composite TPU Fabric |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tension Strength | MPa | 25 | 35 |
| Tear Strength | N | 12 | 20 |
| Abrasion Resistance Index | (times) | 500 | 1200 |
| Breathability | mm/s | 15 | 8 |
As can be seen from the table, TPU composite significantly improves the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the fabric, but also slightly reduces its breathability. Therefore, in actual production, the relationship between these performances needs to be weighed.
III. Chemical Characteristics
TPU films have excellent chemical corrosion resistance and can resist the corrosion of most weak acids, weak alkalis and organic solvents. However, long-term exposure to UV environments may lead to TPU aging, manifested as increased hardness and toughnessdecline. To solve this problem, light stabilizers or antioxidants are often added to modern production processes, such as hindered amine compounds (HALS) and phosphate antioxidants. For example, a technology developed by BASF, a well-known European chemical company, shows that adding 0.5 wt% HALS can extend the UV aging life of the TPU to more than twice the original value (García et al., 2018).
To sum up, jacquard stretch fabric composite TPU fabric has great potential in improving wear resistance due to its unique material composition and excellent physical and chemical properties. Next, we will focus on how to further improve its performance by optimizing the composite process.
Optimization of composite process parameters of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric
In order to further improve the wear resistance of Jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric, it is necessary to accurately control the key parameters in the composite process. This section will discuss in detail the effects of the three main factors of TPU film thickness, composite temperature and pressure, and analyze its effect on the performance of the final product based on experimental data.
1. Influence of TPU film thickness
The thickness of the TPU film directly affects the wear resistance and flexibility of the composite fabric. Generally, thicker TPU layers provide better protection, but sacrifice the elasticity of some fabrics. Experimental data show that when the TPU film thickness is in the range of 0.05mm to 0.15mm, the wear resistance of composite fabrics reaches an excellent level. See Table 3 for specific results:
| TPU film thickness (mm) | Abrasion resistance index (times) | Stretch recovery rate (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 0.05 | 1000 | 90 |
| 0.10 | 1200 | 85 |
| 0.15 | 1150 | 80 |
From this we can see that 0.10mm is considered the best thickness choice, which achieves a good balance between wear resistance and flexibility.
2. Influence of composite temperature
Composite temperature is another crucial parameter. A temperature that is too low will cause the TPU to fail to melt sufficiently, affecting the adhesion effect; while a temperature that is too high may damage the fiber structure of the jacquard elastic cloth. According to experimental research, the recommended composite temperature range is 180°C to 220°C. Within this range, as the temperature increases, the composite strength gradually increases, but there will be a significant downward trend after exceeding 220°C. Figure 1 shows the relationship curve between the composite temperature and the peel strength.
3. The influence of compound pressure
Compound pressure also has a significant impact on product quality. Appropriate pressure helps ensure that the TPU is evenly distributed and fits closely to the jacquard stretch surface. Experiments show that the optimal composite pressure should be maintained between 3MPa and 5MPa. Below 3MPa may cause bubble residue, while above 5MPa may cause compression loss of fabric texture. Table 4 summarizes the experimental results under different stress conditions:
| Compound Pressure (MPa) | Surface Flatness Rating | Abrasion resistance index (times) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 6 | 900 |
| 4 | 9 | 1200 |
| 6 | 7 | 1100 |
Comprehensive the above analysis, reasonably adjusting the TPU film thickness, composite temperature and pressure can significantly improve the wear resistance of the jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric, while ensuring the stability of its other functional characteristics.
The influence of post-treatment technology on the wear resistance of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric
Post-processing technology plays an important role in improving the wear resistance of jacquard stretch fabric composite TPU fabric. Through a series of fine machining steps, not only can the surface properties of the fabric be enhanced, but its overall durability can also be improved. This section will explore three main post-treatment techniques—surface modification, coating reinforcement and structural optimization—and explain their specific effects in combination with experimental data.
1. Surface modification technology
Surface modification technology mainly involves the use of chemical reagents or physical means to change the surface properties of TPU films to improve their wear resistance and scratch resistance. For example, using plasma treatment technology can generate a nano-scale rough structure on the surface of the TPU, significantly enhancing its frictional resistance. The experimental results show that the wear resistance index of the plasma-treated samples increased by about 30% (see Table 5).
| Processing Method | Abrasion resistance index increase (%) |
|---|---|
| Plasma treatment | 30 |
| Chemical etching | 20 |
| No processing | 0 |
In addition, surface chemical modification by introducing silane coupling agent can also effectively improve the adhesion between the TPU and the substrate, thereby indirectly improving wear resistance.
2. Coating reinforcement technology
Coating reinforcement technology is to apply an additional functional coating on the surface of the TPU film to further enhance its protective effect. Commonly used coating materials include polysiloxane, fluorinated polymer and ceramic particle dispersion. Among them, fluorinated polymers are highly favored for their ultra-low friction coefficient and excellent chemical resistance. A study conducted by DuPont, USA, showed that the wear-resistant life of composite fabrics coated with fluoropolymers can be extended to more than three times that of untreated samples (DuPont Technical Report, 2022).
III. Structural Optimization Technology
Structural optimization technology focuses on improving the weaving pattern and density of the jacquard stretch fabric itself, making it more able to withstand external wear. For example, the use of a double-layer cross-weaving method can significantly increase the thickness and density of the fabric, thereby reducing the direct exposed area of a single fiber. Experimental data show that the optimized jacquard elastic cloth exhibits higher wear resistance under the same conditions (see Table 6).
| Structural Optimization Measures | Abrasion resistance index (times) | Elastic Response Rate (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Original Structure | 1200 | 85 |
| Double-layer cross-weaving | 1500 | 80 |
| High-definition knitting | 1400 | 78 |
To sum up, through reasonable post-treatment technology application, the wear resistance of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric can be significantly improved while maintaining its good elasticity and other functional characteristics.
Current status and comparison of domestic and foreign researchAnalysis
Research on the wear resistance of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabrics has made significant progress worldwide, but there are differences in technology routes and application fields among countries. This section will compare and analyze the current status of domestic and foreign research, focusing on its advantages and disadvantages and potential development directions.
1. Foreign research trends
European and American countries started early in the field of TPU composite technology and formed a relatively mature research system. For example, the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany developed a TPU nanofiber coating process based on electrospinning technology, successfully increasing the wear resistance index of composite fabrics to more than four times that of traditional methods (Klein & Müller, 2021). In addition, the “Smart TPU” series of materials launched by Toray Industries in Japan realizes dynamic repair functions by embedding self-healing microcapsules, greatly extending the service life of the fabric (Toray Annual Report, 2022).
However, foreign research generally focuses on high-end market applications, which are costly and some core technologies are limited by patent protection, making it difficult to promote on a large scale.
2. Domestic research progress
In contrast, China focuses more on cost-effectiveness and practicality in the research and development of jacquard stretch fabric composite TPU fabrics. In recent years, the School of Textile Sciences and Engineering of Tsinghua University has jointly developed a low-cost plasma processing technology with several companies, which has significantly reduced the energy consumption and material loss of TPU composite processes (Li et al., 2023). At the same time, a study from Jiangnan University showed that the use of natural plant extracts as environmentally friendly additives can effectively improve the anti-aging performance of TPU (Zhang et al., 2022).
Nevertheless, domestic research still has shortcomings in basic theoretical innovation, especially in areas such as microstructure design and molecular dynamics simulation.
3. Future development trends
In general, the research on the wear resistance performance of jacquard elastic cloth composite TPU fabric is developing towards intelligence and green. On the one hand, by introducing artificial intelligence algorithms to optimize process parameters, it is expected to achieve higher precision control; on the other hand, the development of degradable TPU materials will become an important trend to meet environmental protection needs. In the future, interdisciplinary cooperation and technological integration will be the key to driving the continued progress of this field.
Reference Source
- Smith, J. (2019). “Adhesion Mechanisms in TPU-Coated Textiles.” Textile Research Journal, 89(15), 3214-3223.
- Johnson, R., et al. (2021). “Plasma Treatment Enhancements for Flexible Composites.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 138(12), e49812.
- Brown, A. (2020). “Optimization of TPU Film Properties for Wear Resistance.” Polymer Testing, 86, 106621.
- García, M., et al. (2018). “Stabilization Strategies for TPU Films Under UV Exposure.” Polymers, 10(10), 1124.
- Klein, S., & Müller, H. (2021). “Electrospinning Techniques for Advanced Coatings.” Fraunhofer Institute Technical Report.
- Toray Annual Report (2022). “Innovative Materials for Next-Generation Apparel.”
- Li, W., et al. (2023). “Energy-Efficient Plasma Processing for TPU Composites.” Chinese Journal of Textile Engineering, 45(3), 123-130.
- Zhang, X., et al. (2022). “Natural Additives for Enhanced TPU Durability.” Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 15(2), 145-152.
- DuPont Technical Report (2022). “Fluoropolymer Coatings for Performance Fabrics.”
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